Gods & Goddesses

Isn't it amazing how a simple question can send us on a very long journey?

My Iranian friend Ali once asked me , why do you Indians have so many Gods and Goddesses? Shyamoli another friend asked why does God have to be male?

Like many Indians, being continuously exposed to Western philosophy and Christian beliefs, I found the entire concept of Hinduism strange and inexplicable. So I set off on a journey to learn more about Hinduism.


First thing I learnt was, Hinduism cannot be appreciated easily through a Western mindset. It is difficult if not impossible for a person schooled in Western philosophy which is fundamentally the Greek philosophy and within the thought and belief framework of Abrahaminical religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Here God is seen as man like sitting on a throne directing affairs of the world. Greek Gods are seen as super human beings that live for ever. This is quite different from Indian approach and philosophy.

Hinduism is not even a religion it is  highly evolved abstract thought, scientific, and an advanced way of life, which has repeatedly passed the test of time. 

Educated in an Anglo Indian school, we were taught that God made man in His own image.  The truth is that, Man has made God in his own image.

A visit to any Hindu temple more than 2500 years old will reveal no statues or paintings of God & Goddesses. Depiction of Gods & Goddesses as is commonly observed by us in Hindu temples was taken up by Hindu priests only after followers of Lord Buddha started placing His statues in Buddhist temples.

The Goddess in Hindu scripture is not the female version of God favoured by feminists, nor is God the all powerful judgmental external agency described in the Bible who sets down codes of conduct and determines what is right and wrong. God is not even the deified hero of Greek mythology which shapes Western thinking and hence modern discourse. Goddesses and Gods have very particular meanings in the Hindu understanding of the universe.

Hindu thought starts with an observation; the human ability to imagine, that enables us to position ourselves outside nature. We alone of all living creatures can refuse to submit to nature's laws. The human mind is potentially God while nature is always Goddess. 

Thus Hindu Gods stem from the trinity of the three fundamental forms of the human mind.  Brahma is the mind that is indulgent and dominating and a God that will not be worshipped. For Brahma, nature is the Goddess Saraswati, source of wisdom awaiting his enlightenment. Shiva is the mind indifferent to others point of view, the hermit is considered the destroyer. For Shiva, nature is the alluring Goddess Shakti awaiting his engagement. For the mind that cares for others point of view is the preserver Vishnu. For Vishnu, nature is the playful Goddess Lakshmi, source of enrichment and abundance. 

Each one of is a God, and everything in nature is a Goddess. That is why nature is worshipped in millions of ways, the water, the trees, the land, the air, the mountains, the animals and the creatures and the flowers and vegetation. All worship from the mind is possible only if there is love and respect for nature and for existence. 

If we expand our minds, (hence the word Brahman. 'Brah' for expand, and 'Man' for mind, in sanskrit) to understand, respect and be one with nature then we too shall be enlightened.

Most people merely exist, rarely using their minds. Intellectually weak or lazy minds  rather than expanding their minds, fill it very quickly with dogma and perceptions, which have been handed down to them by others, mainly their parents, teachers, priests or political leaders. 

Human beings are the only known creatures that possess imagination, and expand their 'Mann' or what we call mind. That is why man is called  'Mannas or Mannav', meaning the one with a mind. Man does not live in isolation but within nature,  however because of our imagination we tend to position ourselves outside of nature. 

We alone of all living creatures can refuse to submit to nature's laws. The human mind is potentially God while nature is always Goddess. 

Thus, in Hinduism, God is the male form which represents the mind, the world of thoughts. The Goddess or the female form represents nature, the world of things.

This also helps to explain the statements,

• God is within each one of us 
• God is everywhere and within everything. 

Concepts have been drawn from the writings of Dr. Devdutt Pattanaik.